leetcode-32-Longest Valid Parentheses

Given a string containing just the characters ‘(‘ and ‘)’, find the length of the longest valid (well-formed) parentheses substring.

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Example 1:

Input: "(()"
Output: 2
Explanation: The longest valid parentheses substring is "()"
Example 2:

Input: ")()())"
Output: 4
Explanation: The longest valid parentheses substring is "()()"
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class Solution {
public:
int longestValidParentheses(string s) {
stack<int> paranStack;
int maxLength=0;
int lastValidIndx=0;
for (int indx=0; indx<s.length(); indx++) {
if (s[indx]=='(') //遇到左括号,直接存入。
paranStack.push(indx);
else { //遇到右括号,分情况讨论
if (paranStack.empty()) //如果此时栈里左括号已经被消耗完了,没有额外的左括号用来配对当前的右括号了,那么当前的右括号就被单出来了,表明当前子串可以结束了,此时的右括号也成为了下一个group的分界点,此时右括号下标为index,所以下一个group的起始点为index+1,相当于skip掉当前的右括号。
lastValidIndx=indx+1;
else { //如果此时栈不空,可能有两种情况,1)栈正好剩下1个左括号和当前右括号配对 2)栈剩下不止1个左括号,
paranStack.pop();
if (paranStack.empty()) //栈pop()之前正好剩下1个左括号,pop()之后,栈空了,此时group长度为indx-lastValidIndx
maxLength=max(maxLength, indx-lastValidIndx+1);
else //栈有pop()之前剩下不止1个左括号,此时额外多出的左括号使得新的group形成。如()(()())中index=4时,stack中有2个左括号
maxLength=max(maxLength, indx-paranStack.top());
}
}
}
return maxLength;
}
};
//重点注意lastValidIndx的更新情况
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